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1966 Triumph T120 Bonneville
John Craig is a professional mechanical engineer and a classic bike enthusiast who likes a challenge. ‘A challenge’ is just what his written-off Bonnie turned out to be... The bike’s basically a 1966 T120 Bonnie which I bought as a write-off back in 1983, when I was at university doing my Mechanical Engineering degree. It was rebuilt on a shoestring; money was pretty tight. It wasn’t too bad in the main, although the front end was totalled. This didn’t worry me too much, as I didn’t much rate the Triumph forks! There was a bit of other damage too. The frame was OK, as was the tank and most other major bits.
'The bike’s basically a 1966 T120 Bonnie...' Basically.
I also adjusted the length of the fork damper rods, as I found that they would top-out at full extension (so the pistons would hit the top of the damper tubes before the forks hydraulically stop as the bushes approach each other at full extension). I suspect this might be an original design error, or it could just be the result of some mix and match of parts over the years. However the forks were built with new hard-chromed ‘short’ stanchions and the rods hadn’t been cut, so original error seems most likely. Norton owners might want to take note! A little judicious welding and machining allowed me to fit the Norton yokes to the Triumph headstock (using standard Triumph bearings), and just for fun I machined up some fancy stainless steel top nuts too. The clip-ons came from an RD250 Yamaha which had met an untimely end, and the handlebar levers, switches and throttle are of indeterminate origin, although I think they’re probably from an early Honda.
Yamaha bars, Honda clip-ons, British soul...
The front wheel came to me as a trade, in payment for some design and machining work I did for a friend; it needed a new set of bearings and brake shoes and a quick true-up and spoke tension. It’s an early Commando TLS brake and is extremely powerful when properly set-up, no matter what anyone says. The front wheel locked in the dry at over 70 on one panic-stricken occasion!
Early Commando TLS brake
I completely stripped the engine and gearbox, as I didn’t know the history of the bike. This was just as well, as the drive side big end had just started to pick up due to lack of oil; explained by the state of the sludge trap tube in the crank. It was packed so full and hard with rubbish which had been centrifuged out of the oil that I had to drill the muck out before I could get the tube out! Obviously there had been very little oil getting through for a long time so at this point I decided that a proper filter system was needed. I designed the system which is currently fitted to the bike, and has since been applied to quite a few others. It’s a full-flow full-pressure system which uses a car-type filter, arranged so that the filter lies between the pump and the crankshaft, where it should be. The filter is mounted under the swinging arm, out of harm’s way.
The filter is mounted under the swinging arm, out of harm’s way
A bonus is that it’s now safe to use conventional multigrade oil (I use Duckhams 20/50), because there’s a proper filter to catch the dirt that modern high detergent oils wash out of your engine. The engine internals stay much cleaner too. This is the reason why low detergent monogrades are recommended for old bikes; it’s not that the oil’s better (it’s not), it’s because the engines don’t have decent filters! The crank was re-ground and rebuilt without the sludge tube (no longer required); the conrods were crack-tested and new bronze small end bushes made and fitted; bores and pistons were measured and found ok, so were just fitted with new rings; compression ratio is quite high enough! The crankcases and head had the usual quota of stripped threads, scored faces and so on. As the faces tend to be quite narrow on most of the casings, I repaired the stripped threads by making aluminium inserts and fitting them to bring the holes back to original size. Doing it this way takes a bit longer than helicoiling, but means that the insert can be taken back fully flush with the face to give the maximum sealing area. Scored faces were carefully welded and then taken back by hand. It seems to have worked: it doesn’t leak. The cylinder head needed quite a bit of work; apart from the stripped threads etc, (repaired the same way), the head was also slightly warped, so I gave it a light skim to true it up (which also increased the compression ratio slightly). The exhaust stubs had worked loose and destroyed the threads in the head, and worn the ports oval (a common Triumph problem of this era). There wasn’t enough material for an effective weld repair, so the ports were bored out to make them circular, stubs were machined and fitted to the pipes, and T-bolts were made and fitted to the head. These engage with collars (cooling rings) on the pipes and have completely solved the problem.
T-bolts engage with cooling fin collars.
The valve gear was stripped and checked; valves were dimensionally good and only needed to be ground. I made new valve guides and fitted them, threw away the Thackeray washers, ground the ends of the rockers square to remove all the digs and scoring caused by the washers, then reassembled the rockers with their shafts, measured it all up and machined up sets of shims to control the end float; and put it all back together. It’s never needed any attention since then and I’ve subsequently done this to quite a few bikes, both British and Japanese. After checking and repairing or replacing the rest of the parts as necessary (a little bit of time spent with a fine file on the clutch basket works wonders for the gearchange), the engine/gearbox unit was carefully reassembled with new bearings, seals etc, and a Morgo high capacity oil pump was fitted. Particular attention was given to fitting and assembly at this stage, as care taken here pays dividends in the future; demonstrated by the fact that the engine’s never been out again since it was built. The crankcase breathing arrangement was revised to include a breather taken from the ‘timing port’ at the back of the cylinder block; this links to the timed engine breather and oil tank breather, and also provides some oil mist lubrication to the chain. Some time was spent ‘balancing’ this system, which was well worthwhile.
The crankcase breathing arrangement was revised to include a breather taken from the ‘timing port’ at the back of the cylinder block.
Previous experience of Lucas alternators convinced me that the crankshaft mounting wasn’t the best idea: along with everyone else, I’ve seen plenty of them come loose and make a bid for freedom! I decided that the problem was due to the loose parallel fit of the rotor on the crankshaft nose, with drive by a parallel key: the inertia of the rotor combined with sudden acceleration/deceleration is bound to make it slacken over time. I made and fitted drive pegs to the engine sprocket, and drilled a couple fairly shallow flat – bottomed holes in the back of the rotor, which the drive pegs engage in. Now the sprocket drives the rotor and the shaft only locates it, and nothing ever comes loose.
Of course, there are a thousand other little jobs which went into the bike, like making a new wiring harness, making up cables and so on; but it was great fun, and I’ve ended up with a bike that’s given me lots of pleasure. It’s taken me to lots of places and I can thrash it to within an inch of both our lives. What more could you ask from a £250 wreck? I’ll certainly never sell it! -------------- Need Help? If your classic motorcycle needs this kind of attention then John Craig is happy to help. He runs Johns Engineering Ltd and will take on any motorcycle-related job for the restoration of classic, vintage and veteran motorcycles including engine, gearbox, frame and suspension repair; one-off designs, performance / racing-quality components, manufacture of special purpose parts, plus universal upgrades such as full-flow full-pressure oil filter systems and fully shimmed valve gear: www.johnsengineering.co.uk |
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